Critical Thinking and Young Girls free essay sample

Our way of life is so occupied with what is gong on inside the screen that they are oblivious to what's going on as a general rule. In â€Å"Quality Time, Redefined† by Alex Williams, a New York Times journalist, a family sits together in their parlor, each drenched in their own virtual world. This is the thing that currently subs for family harmony. One family. Four screens. Four people enveloped with their own digital case. Like Williams’ article, Peggy Orenstein, writer for the New York Times, discusses little youngsters being detached from their general public just as how the web influences their emotions and connections in her article, â€Å"Just Between You, Me, and My 622 BFFs.† Once enveloped with our digital coon, it might turn out to be hard to track down one’s way out. The young ladies in Orenstein’s article can utilize basic considering explicit things and characteristics in regular day to day existence. We will compose a custom paper test on Basic Thinking and Young Girls or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Fundamentally believing is tied in with neglecting everything an individual was brought to accept up in their way of life. Gary Colombo, bad habit chancellor at Los Angeles City College, discusses being a basic scholar in his article â€Å"Thinking Critically and Challenging Cultural Myths.† When interwoven in various social medias, the young ladies in Orenstein’s article look for online endorsement from their companions. It is basic to utilize this type of speculation to concentrate outwardly world and not feel forced to give a show on the web. Utilizing Critical reasoning leaves our culture’s see on society out of an individual’s appraisal of the individuals encompassing them. In contemporary culture it is hard to keep up real associations with cutting edge innovation obstructing our capacity to frame these connections. Despite the fact that cutting edge innovation offers individuals the chance to associate around the world, these associations just stay on the web and there is an absence of eye to eye connections. Accordingly, these online connections are not as legitimate as can be and connections are being broken as a result of it. Utilizing Critical reasoning leaves our culture’s see on the world good and gone. Without basic reasoning, individuals are just taking a gander at the outside of things, which blinds them to the real world. Individuals who think basically reliably endeavor to live soundly and sensibly. Colombo proposes that society should think fundamentally more and not let our convictions impede our judgment. As per Colombo, culture shapes the manner in which we see the world and the individuals around us. He clarifies, â€Å"Becoming a basic mastermind implies figuring out what to look like past these social legends and the assumptionsâ embedded in them† (3). The writers characterize basic intuition as the capacity to investigate and reshape the ideas that a peruser has perused. A basic scholar should have the option to understand the suggestions and hidden thoughts of what the essayists mean. While Colombo’s guidance for basically thinking goes towards deciphering composing, it can likewise be utilized for consistently life. Young ladies in Orenstein’s article could profit by utilizing Colombo’s techniques for intuition in school and on the web. In Orenstein’s article little youngsters feel shaky about their picture and how their friends see them. Orenstein expounds on these youthful girls’ online battle to locate their own social personality. These young ladies are generally recognized when they put on an act for their digital crowds: â€Å"girls pull in the best input when they post provocative photographs or make hot avatars† (448). Some uncover themselves online in light of the fact that they feel compelled and others may do it for more consideration. These young ladies are so worried about what others when they ought to utilize basic intuition to dismiss what others consider them. Utilizing innovation gives individuals a feeling of feeling like everything is ok by the individuals on the Internet that we can associate with. Numerous connections start off with the assistance of innovation and that individual closeness is missing, which brings about a flawed structure square dependent on what we describe an online companion. People camouflage themselves utilizing web based life, in this manner making bogus trust in having the option to interface with an outsider by means of web based life. Williams proceeds to portray this sentiment of opportunity: â€Å"People’s dependence on innovation to set up passionate intimacyâ€weather by ‘friending’ outsiders on Facebook or nestling automated Furby petsâ€can really increment our feeling of feeling immersed and empty† (97). Despite the fact that utilizing the Internet to interface with other can be useful, it can likewise prompt you accept that you need it to have a feeling of self-esteem. The absence of self-esteem likewise gets clear in Orenstein’s article since young ladies post provocative pictures of themselves online in light of the fact that it gets them saw and they believe it to be decent. Accordingly, people are watching these photos figuring out how to get a similar response, â€Å"According to Mango, young ladies draw in the best criticism when they post provocative photographs or make hot avatars† (Orenstein 448). As opposed to setting their own model, these young ladies preform to the developed online picture submitted by their companions in request to satisfy the group and feel significant. An ever increasing number of nowadays, youthful peopleâ are building up and keeping up connections on the web. American culture is evolving quickly; people don't speak with each other as much as they should. They use text informing by means of PDA, texting, or the Internet to convey to each other. This new style of PC intervened correspondence has negatively affected the customary American family. Adolescents are not, at this point intrigued eye to eye correspondence with relatives, bringing about a detachment in the convention relational intricacy. Williams watches this sort of family time and states, â€Å"The family was in a similar room however not together† (94). The family she is alluding to includes every individual from that specific family overwhelmed in their electronic gadgets not so much captivating in a discussion aside from through internet based life. As these kinds of families utilize their time together to be on the Internet, they are passing up the enjoyments of real quality family holding. Taking after Williams’ considers, Orenstein’s contemplates show that little youngsters can't do anything for a significant stretch of time without checking their innovation, â€Å"Each conveyed their mobile phones as though it were a fifth appendage [†¦] they all had Facebook accounts, which [†¦] they checked various occasions during the school day† (446). These young ladies know about their environmental factors, yet they are increasingly worried about what's going on Facebook or their cell gadgets. They are there at school and in class however their brain is in a totally better place. Quite a bit of our reasoning is one-sided and critical, however with basic reasoning we can overlook our judgment and live impartially. Online connections depend on constrained data and, accordingly, are deficient. Innovation is at present influencing our culture’s capacity to keep up legitimate connections. Despite the fact that advanced innovation offers individuals the chance to interface around the world, these associations just stay on the web and there is an absence of closeness in these connections. Youngsters are building up and keeping up connections on the web and these online connections depend on constrained data and stay inadequate. This new style of media correspondence has negatively affected the customary American family just as the certainty of little youngsters.

The development paradigm and gift

Extreme feeling in scene 3 of The Glass Menagerie Essay The Glass Menagerie is a disaster by American writer Tennessee Williams. In the play there is a scene which includes extreme feeling, the force is appeared through the dramatist’s utilization of methods, for example, characterisation, stage course/lighting, subject and exchange. In Scene 3 extreme feeling is shown through a warmed contention between Tom Wingfield and his mom Amanda. Amanda is an oppressive character how plainly doesn't value the penances her child has made to accommodate his family. It is clear that Tom cherishes his family however feels caught and he can't satisfy his fantasies. This key scene features the profound clash inside the family and how it has a negative effect. It is apparent that an absence of correspondence among Tom and Amanda prompts an expanding strain among mother and child. Williams’ utilization of exchange accentuates the extraordinary feeling in this scene and this feeling is featured in veing imperative to the dramatization overall. Amanda returns Tom’s D. H Lawrence book because of the factor that she sees the writer to being crazy and blames Lawrence for contaminating the brains of youngsters. The way that Amanda restored the book underscores Amanda’s controlling ways and this likewise features how Amanda drives her virtues upon her youngsters. This prompts a conflict of thoughts and Tom’s outrage is expanded when she calls crafted by an essayist he regards as â€Å"filth†, Tom is furious that his mom continues instructing him and doesn't permit him the opportunity to carry on with his own life. Through the Williams’ utilization of runs shows that both character are interfering with one another and the utilization of shout marks proposes that they are not tuning in to one another. This conflict of thoughts and qualities just as an absence of correspondence among Tom and Amanda at last drives Tom away and surrender his family. Tom broadcasts his significance to the family unit nonetheless, Amanda won't recognize the penances Tom has made to accommodate his family and his maddens Tom and further expands the strain. Tennessee William’s utilization of lighting underscores the extreme feeling in this scene. The lighting mirrors the serious feeling: â€Å"turgid smoky red glow† â€Å"their signaling shadows are thrown on the roof by the searing gleam † Red† and â€Å"fiery† recommend outrage, outrage which Tom feels towards his mom. A similar way shadows make something greater, Tom’s outrage towards his mom is amplified and this is featured through the dramatist’s utilization of â€Å"gesticulating shadows†. Amanda is worried that Tom’s terrible demeanor towards work will compromise the family’s security. Because of her anxiety Amanda forces more requests of Tom: â€Å"What right do you have to risk your activity? Risk the security of us all? † Amanda puts the family’s needs before Tom’s own requirements, this prompts Amanda continually disclosing to Tom how to carry on with his life. Because of the obligation depended upon him just as the blame he believes he is compelled to surrender his on dreams for his family and he can't get away. He feels caught. It is clear that the continually expanding strain in the house negatively affects Laura. Through the utilization lighting the playwright shows Laura’s enthusiastic defenselessness: â€Å"Clear pool of light on her figure† Even however Laura for all intents and purposes has no influence in this scene, the writer utilizes lighting to show that this consistent conflict of thoughts among mother and child is influencing her profoundly. Ironicly despite the fact that both Tom and Amanda are so defensive of Laura they are both careless in regards to the way that they are really packaging her damage by continually contending. Moreover, Tom increases the circumstance further makes a rundown of the considerable number of things he as far as anyone knows does while he should be that the motion pictures, this further bothered Amanda. The scene arrives at an exceptional peak: â€Å"a prattling old witch† out of frustration, Tom endeavors to leave the condo yet he battles put his jacket on. .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8 , .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8 .postImageUrl , .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8 .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8 , .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8:hover , .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8:visited , .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8:active { border:0!important; } .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8:active , .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8:hover { darkness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enhancement: underline; } .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-embellishment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u4c6b504ab663c11e 62e75931a51532d8 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u4c6b504ab663c11e62e75931a51532d8:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Gabriel Oak EssayOut of disappointment, Tom tosses the coat and in the process thumps more than one of Laura’s glass trimmings and crushes it and Laura shouts out â€Å"as if wounded† herself . Putting on the coat is emblematic of Tom’s requirements for get away from one of the plays significant subjects, anyway he battles with putting it on and this features the trouble Tom will have leaving the obligations he has with his family. The extraordinary pressure in this scene is connected with key occasions in different scenes. It is obvious that Amanda is an adoring and caring mother, in any case, in spite of thes e great characteristics unmistakably Amanda doesn't genuinely comprehend her youngsters. Laura enrages her mom: â€Å"You did this bamboozle me, only for double dealing? † Laura has not been going to Business school and Amanda blames Laura for simply her need to challenge her mom. Amanda can't distinguish the genuine purpose behind Laura’s absence of participation which is because of her bashfulness yet Laura can't trust in her mom since she is so scared of disillusioning her. There is a connection between Laura’s truancy and the worry that Amanda has on Tom losing his employment. Amanda demands that Laura should attempt to discover a â€Å"gentleman caller† to wed so she doesn't get old and forlorn.

Exploratory Essay Kids in Competitve Sports

Numerous guardians who put their children into sports at a youthful age frequently grew up playing ports. They see themselves In their youngsters and need them to be as acceptable If worse than they were. It's extremely difficult for a kid to appreciate the game If they continually have their folks over their shoulders to practice and win. Guardians pushing children to win or be the best isn't actually what a child needs to do. Growing up kids need to encounter a great sporting event, so much power at an early age may make the child need to stop the sport.Most children can deal with the weight of guardians pushing their children to win. A ton of children are normally serious however â€Å"they some of the time feel (see) that they sick not have the option to perform enough to the presentation requests of rivalry (Humphrey 23). † A major worry with serious games is the enthusiastic pressure that can influence a kid's physical prosperity. Intensity makes one group fruitful and t he other group a disappointment. Since losing can be a danger to one's confidence, the contrary feeling and nervousness can be by and by threatening.Once kids adjust to these negative emotions, the negative perspectives can remain with them forever. On the off chance that guardians support their children that genuine champs love to play for the sake of entertainment. At that point it urges the children to attempt their hardest and not be so worried and be as disturbed if they somehow managed to lose the game. Self-viability is characterized as the â€Å"can do† mentality. It did not depend on an individual's aptitude, yet it depends on how one appointed authorities their own abilities. It enables children to evaluate numerous different aptitudes, and regardless of whether they aren't as acceptable at one as the other, It gives them the intentions to take on new challenges.Kids Like to find numerous things they are truly acceptable at. Regardless of whether children are normal ly gifted with an athletic capacity, physical instruction has become a piece of the central subjects in essential training. Understudies are required to take physical training class for an evaluation. It's an incredible route for children to adjust to well disposed intensity against their schoolmates in scrimmages. Since is anything but a developed group, kids can truly play for no particular reason, and not stress over weight from different colleagues, mentors, or guardians. At the point when youngsters are playing with colleagues for the sake of entertainment, they don't concentrate on the serious part of the sport† (Griffin 68). They truly get the opportunity to realize what the affection for the game is about. â€Å"By requiring physical instruction is the educational systems it not just offers kids the chance to enjoy some agreeable rivalry, however it likewise gives the children a decent exercise† (Schoenberg 42). Since youngster corpulence has become a significan t issue in the previous decade, a child taking part in a game that is amusing to play, encourages them to appreciate working out, and adds to the differentiation of adolescence obesity.Sport and physical aptitudes picked up during play, physical instruction and game add to the all encompassing advancement of youngsters. Through support in sport and physical instruction, youngsters find out about the significance of key qualities, for example, trustworthiness, cooperation, air play, regard for themselves as well as other people, and adherence to rules (Humphrey 83). Children playing sports in school classes can urge them to go for a serious group. Once on a serious group, the understudy would then be able to secure numerous valuable aptitudes that can really add to their hard working attitudes in school.Once an understudy is on a day by day schedule then they can begin to create time the board abilities. With these aptitudes they can plan time to do schoolwork, and spend time with co mpanions. Being associated with an extracurricular action really helps kids in school since then they a have characterized time to deal with schoolwork, as opposed to Just hesitate. Not exclusively will it help them in time the board, yet being a piece of a group creates social aptitudes and companionships that are more grounded than others. They aren't Just your companions, they are your teammates.Being on the Carolina Girls Dance Team and in the Alpha Chi Omega Sorority, I have made numerous kinships with numerous young ladies. Yet, since the move group needs to contend together, my bond with them is path more grounded than it is with my sorority sisters. Since I experienced childhood in a serious air moving, I can totally identify with he reasons why guardians might be distrustful to select their children in serious games groups. Vive discovered that it is certainly advantageous much of the time for children to be associated with serious games insofar as mentors and guardians hel p their children remain positive.

The Business Relationship between Nathan and Frank Essay

The Business Relationship among Nathan and Frank - Essay Example Moral codes look to set norms of reasonable and sensible conduct all through the gracefully chain, or in the disposition towards the worker or client. Application: Application of the law is confused by the real world, in light of the fact that as the instance of Frank and Nathan appears, a business is ordinarily comprised of a wide range of people. Good and monetary qualities vary from individual to individual inside a business circumstance. A business is a huge hierarchical structure, and inside this structure, there might be people who are enlivened to act deceptively for any number of reasonsâ€here, we are not given Frank’s reasons, yet he is plainly backpedaling on his promise and breaking his guarantee about installment, which is exploitative. He has his own reasons. A large number of these reasons have to do with the objectives of the person. For instance, if an individual perspectives money related increase as their fundamental reason, they might be happy to set moral issues aside so as to arrive at their objective with most extreme effectiveness, to arrive at their transient objectives and addition advantage. They may not focus on the code of morals by any stretch of the imagination, and I think this is something Frank did for the situation. Conclusion: One potential obstruction to a carefully lawful arrangement is that, in spite of the predominance of logical and afterward panoptic projects all through the twentieth century, debasement has kept on being a solid power in the business scene including eatery flexibly and administrations. Some portion of this might be constant: a significant part of the join that goes on in this condition is acknowledged as a kind of custom that is essentially innocuous, or â€Å"honest graft.† Issue 1: Frank is positively not demonstrating suitable administration in his lead towards an esteemed client who should get a markdown. On the other hand, it could likewise be contended that Nathan was not being moral either, in light of the fact that he didn't twofold check, get a paper

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 116

Contextual investigation Example What's more, it fortifies during global disturbance (Balcerowicz, and World Bank Group, 2015). Troublesome outside trade developments cause noteworthy thankfulness in Swiss franc against the Euro just as other principle monetary forms along these lines challengingly influencing Swiss supervisors, workers, and firms (Butcher, 2011). As per the viewpoint of Swiss bringing in firms, the troublesome swapping scale developments ordinarily cause the costs of fares to build therefore debilitating the client request. It makes the Swiss items to be increasingly costly abroad accordingly making a negative effects on their interest and this straightforwardly influences the business income of organizations (Horcher, 2013). Then again, troublesome conversion standard developments significantly influence representatives as far as employment misfortune and pay cuts. Low deals volume and benefits because of low client request prompts firms to look for approaches to endure and adjust by changing wages. At last, it might constrain the directors to move their creation to the euro zone on the off chance that they neglect to cut wages and this likewise could cause more employment misfortunes at Mopac in Switzerland (Balcerowicz, and World Bank Group, 2015). I would need to move the creation or the organization to the euro zone since it is less expensive to deliver in the area because of the more vulnerable cash. Furthermore I would need to slice wages to make the items less expensive in this way bringing client request which up in turn builds the business volume and benefits (Horcher, 2013). Thirdly, I would need to utilize cross-fringe laborers and pay them in Euros so as to adapt to the acknowledging Swiss franc. At long last, I would take part in straightforward money enhancement or cash supporting simply like other huge organizations (Butcher, 2011). I would readily acknowledge Euros since it is more vulnerable than the Swiss franc. The four alternatives will incredibly help us in adapting to the spike in Swiss franc (Balcerowicz, and World Bank Group,

How to Overcome Fear and Feeling Overwhelmed

How to Overcome Fear and Feeling Overwhelmed Have you been feeling fearful lately? Maybe stressed out?You are not alone in this. Many Americans are stressed, especially due to health care concerns. Source: APABut being a common problem doesn’t make it normal. Neither does it mean that the situation should be ignored.Life has become very challenging for the majority.You may not be having a job. And if you do, you may not be earning enough to sustain a comfortable life. Maybe you’re even avoiding having children because of this and definitely cannot make any investment.With so many things to do and so little resources, anxiety creeps in. Life becomes overwhelming and you no longer have control over important aspects of your life.If you are feeling overwhelmed and fearful to whatever degree, this article is for you. You can also share it to help others.As you read it, you will understand the situation better and learn what you can do to change it.SYMPTOMS OF BEING OVERWHELMEDSometimes, unless you are trained to detect something, you may not notice it. This is why creating awareness is important.For instance, the number of deaths due to cancer can be avoided if people just knew what signs to look out for. Or understood the need for screening.The same applies to feelings of being overwhelmed. Do not ignore the symptoms or think it’s just how things are. Recognizing them for what they are will help you resolve the underlying issues.It’s difficult to come up with a comprehensive list of symptoms.To get you started however, here are a few symptoms you can run through.This will enable you determine where you stand on the “feelings of being overwhelmed” scale.StressThe first thing you’re likely to easily identify when overwhelmed is stress.Stress by itself is not necessarily a bad thing. It is just a way through which your body tells you to take a break.But when you fail to do that, other things start going wrong.You get stressed because of the release of the hormone cortisol. When you act appropriately, this is used up and you get back to normal.But if you persist in the stress-producing situation, the hormone is continually pumped into the bloodstre am and the results get worse.A myriad of life issues can bring about stress and feelings of being overwhelmed are one of them. So paying attention to your stress levels is a good way of keeping things in check. Source: Verywell HealthWorryRarely will you be stressed or overwhelmed by anything and not be worried.This is just a natural result of stress.Are you stressed about your debt level and financial insecurity? You’ll be worried about your future.Are you overwhelmed by the amount of pending work? You’ll be worried about your boss’ reaction.Are you stressed about how your spouse is treating you? You’ll be worried whether things will get worse and end up in a divorce.All the above scenarios point to things going out of control. You were probably quite okay at some point but now you aren’t.And as life keeps moving faster and people keep chasing after it, being overwhelmed is likely to be more and more prevalent.As long as you’re overwhelmed, you’ll have a thing or two to be worried about.HopelessnessAnd when things get worse, you will start feeling hopeless.Hopeless that the situation will never improve. Hopeless that you cannot do anything about the situation that’s causing you stress. Hopeless that your overwhelmed state is something you’ll have to live with.This is the point where you might start exhibiting symptoms of anxiety or depression.This is not a good state to get to and hopefully, the tips shared below will help you prevent it.Hopelessness is also fueled by the kind of thoughts running through your mind.At the beginning, you can contain them. But as the situation deteriorates, it becomes harder and you start believing that nothing can be done.Just know that there is always something that can be done. And if you don’t have the strength, just reach out for some support.IrritabilityOne of the tell-tale signs of being overwhelmed is increased irritability. If you are usually disposed to anger outbursts, being overwhelmed makes it worse.If someone requests you to do something, especially your peer or junior, you are likely to lash out at them. You may see them as being disrespectful, unfair or even malicious in their intentions.None of these assumptions may be true and the people you lash out at may just conclude that you’re stressed. To you however, they are the ones making life difficult for you.If this is not dealt with quickly, you might move from being irritated and start attacking your perceived enemies.With such action though, you might be making things worse. You may attack or frighten the very people who could have helped you out of the situation.WearinessAlong with the feeling that you cannot manage the burden on your shoulders comes feelings of weariness. Any time you’re overwhelmed, you will also start feeling tired.This is because you are working towards solving the problem but the expected results seem to elude you.The truth however is that you’re putting in very inefficient effort.The stress you’ve accumulated is causing you not to be focused and so your brain isn’t serving you well. It has many other things it’s trying to accomplish. Chief among them is keeping you safe.So your brain will si gnal to you that some rest is necessary. If you don’t rest, things are likely to get worse. You look at the pile of work in your in-tray and realize the need to keep working. Remembering that you could be kicked out of your home due to non-payment of rent, you will want to finish the job.But since your mind is not settled and focused, you get thoughts of having too much to handle. And since you’ve been working hard to finish your work, you are certainly tired.Your mind may start shutting down and cause you to become sleepy.ProcrastinationProcrastination is another classic problem faced by many. Victims range from perfectionists seeking to get all the details right to overwhelmed people not knowing where to start.If you’re extremely overwhelmed, you may not see an end in sight.You need to look for a way of getting things done. You need to plan. But the plans don’t seem to be working. Your efforts don’t seem to be paying off.Are you making the right plans? Are you prioritizi ng tasks the right way? Do you even have the capacity to handle the situation or should you wait till you’re able to?It’s very easy to decide that you need some extra time. Maybe to research the right tools to help you become more efficient. Or the right way of dealing with the situation at hand.All these make sense. But for your current situation, it’s not the best thing to consider doing.Your mind is already bogged down by issues and your focus is lost. “Researching” is most likely a term you’re using to rationalize time-wasting activities.HOW TO OVERCOME FEAR AND FEELING OVERWHELMEDIf you find yourself in a situation where you’re overwhelmed, don’t give in to the pressure.Whether it makes sense or not, just tell yourself that you can get out of it. The truth is that you can.You just need to believe it then slowly work your way out.This article is all about pointing you in the right direction. We have broken the solution down to two distinct phases.The first is whe re you deal with the current situation as it is. This is for the sake of getting a grip on your emotions to avoid the roller coaster ride. The second phase deals with the problem at the root of the situation.Any time you have an issue troubling you, it’s best to try getting to the root. If you don’t, you’ll end up dealing with the symptoms only.Those will disappear then re-appear again. It’s like cutting down the branches of a tree and hoping that since the leavesâ€"the food-making partâ€"are gone, the tree will die.Here is your way out.1. TAMING THE SYMPTOMSThe first thing to take note of is the wording used here. The tips provided here are merely for the purposes of “taming” the symptoms. The reason for this is to allow some logic to filter in.When you’re overwhelmed and are giving in to fear, it is your emotions that are ruling your will.Your will is the part of you that makes decisions. Despite being the master, it relies on your emotions and logic to decide what†™s best for you. It’s like the CEO asking for information from company managers.Take a Deep BreathWhen you become overwhelmed, your body starts functioning differently. It deviates from the norm. Primarily, you will have increased brain activity and your blood pressure will also increase.As your brain is working hard to solve the problem, your heart works hard to supply it with the right amounts of oxygen and energy.This is why you will start breathing faster so as to provide your heart with the oxygen to supply your brain.The good thing is that you can easily control all of the three connected activities i.e. breathing, heart rate and brain activity.And you don’t need to deal with each of them individually. Targeting one works on the rest.Watch the below video for some breathing techniques you can practice any time on your own. Your breathing is the key here. Regulating your breathing will slow down your heart rate. Your brain will take the cue and calm down too.Be OptimisticBe ing overwhelmed brings about a lot of negativity. You become pessimistic as you struggle with the issues facing you. And as long as this is your mindset, you may only struggle some more.The problem with being negative is that it establishes the situation over you. You therefore only see how big and tough the situation is and not how you can deal with it.Not even how you can address it step by step until it’s all finished.Optimism / Pessimism ScenarioImagine a trader in North Africa walking across Sahara desert with his camel carrying his wares. At times, he climbs up the camel for a ride.When he gets tired of sitting, he gets down to walk beside it. With temperatures getting as highs as 100.4 to 104.0 °F, he can’t avoid being thirsty.When he runs out of water, he goes on for a day before finally arriving at the market. He is relieved to see a fellow trader he knows. Asking for water, he is given a small container (250 ml) which is only half full. What do you think he will do?If he’s negative, he will start complaining. “Is this all you can give me? Do you know how tough my journey has been?”Obviously, his fellow trader doesn’t know what happened on his journey to the market. Also, it’s very possible that the water provided is all there is.If he’s positive, he will notice the small amount of water but appreciate all the same. To him, that’s better than nothing. A little relief is better than none at all.Apply this to your situation.You may feel like everything is against you. According to you, the only relief you expect to have is for all your problems to be solved at once. Your pending work to disappear, your debts to be miraculously canceled and your bank account filled with $1,000,000.The chances of this happening are very slim.But if you just believe that the situation can be dealt with, you’ll be able to get things sorted.2. DEALING WITH THE ROOT PROBLEMWith the emotional part of the problem under control, you can now dive deeper to de al with the real issue.This is where you start building a system which can get you out of the current mess.Having developed a positive mindset, you can now take action. A positive attitude will help you move forward.And since you have several things to work on, you can generate enough will power to move in the right direction.Silence Your Inner CriticDo you remember the symptoms we talked about? They all push your body to some action.For example, weariness may push you to go and sleep. Stress, anxiety and depression can push you towards suicide. Procrastination can push you towards unhealthy or even illegal activities.But is it all automatic?No.When you start experiencing symptoms, there is a voice which whispers to you the kind of action to take. That voice advices you in line with the challenges at hand so you only experience them more and more.But this voice did not show up from nowhere. It always existed though you may not have recognized it.Your inner critic is the voice which tells you how much you’re unable to deal with the situation. How inexperienced you are for the job. How nobody appreciates the effort you put in because it is not good enough.That voice is always criticizing you whenever you have an opportunity to move forward. Source: Alex KipTo counter your inner critic, you need to feed yourself with affirmations. Find out your strengths and recite them to yourself. Make yourself know how good and able you are.Do not mind arguments going on in your mind. Just ignore whatever is against these affirmations and in due time, the arguments will reduce. Eventually, they will cease because they will have been overcome by the affirmations.This is how you train your mind. You simply feed it with the right information and it will use that to reason things out.The next time your will wants to make a decision, your new logic will be stronger, presenting your will with better reasons to disregard temporary emotions.Reduce Your To-Do ListBuilding yourself up against your inner critic is like cutting the tree down to the ground. But in order to stop it from growing and causing trouble again, you have to uproot it.The reason you are overwhelmed is because you just have too much on your plate. You either bit more than yo u could chew or someone pushed too much your way than you could handle.It might also be that the problem is laziness. Maybe you just take your sweet time to do even the smallest of tasks. As a result, other tasks come and find you still working on the first one.They join the queue. By the time it’s evening, you have so much and despite being small, they are all incomplete.Whether the tasks are small or big, that’s not the issue. The issue is that you have too much to handle. You need to reduce the items on your To-Do list.And this is not by working on them but by either canceling them or getting people to help you out.Get rid of anything you don’t have to do by yourself. And if everything is personal such that you can’t just bring in people, then get some trusted friends.This is a critical moment and you have to open yourself up a little.Openly communicate to your friends your urgent need for help.Once they are signed up, dish out those tasks like cookies. Let them help you out on as much as possible.Learn to Say “No”Those tasks may get finished only for the list to grow long again. To avoid that, learn to only take on the tasks you’re sure you can finish on time.If it’s your job, speak with your manager about this. If you feel or think that you might lose the responsibilities which give you a good income, then you have to train yourself to be more productive.But even then, it is always wise to know when you need to say “No.”There are many things requiring your attention. Some may be important while others are not. Understanding that you cannot do everything helps you realize that you have to abandon some projects.PrioritizeAfter all these, you will remain with only a few things which you need to do. These are those which you either cannot delegate or just intend to handle by yourself.At this point, you need to practice the art of prioritizing. Even if you have only three things to do but start with the task with the lowest priority, you ma y end up overwhelmed.You will later on start rushing to finish the important tasks since you’re already behind schedule.It’s advisable to start your day by working on the most important tasks. That way, even if you don’t complete the rest, you will at least have finished the most important ones.That way, potential stress is eliminated.When you notice that you’re progressing well, congratulate yourself. Celebrate yourself so that you see the rewards of doing things right.Your mind will appreciate it and help you towards more of the same victory. It will do this knowing there is a reward.CONCLUSIONWhen you deal with the overwhelming situation and stop it from recurring, you will have taken control of your life.You will be able to do more important things and your life will be more meaningful.

Competition and US Antitrust Law - Free Essay Example

INTRODUCTION The boundaries of a business conduct that can be defined as anticompetitive and exclusionary is still one of the most debated issues in the United States Antitrust Law (hereinafter US Antitrust Law) today. The business conducts that intends to decrease the competition in the relevent market is widely considered as violation under the Sherman Antirust Act dated 1890 (hereinafter Sherman Act), which aims to prevent the trusts and monopolization. As mentioned above by way of protecting the competition, Sherman Act foresees some provisions where it prohibits the contracts, combinations or conspiracies that are to preclude competition and harm other competitiors. Therefore these forms shall be illegal under Sherman Act to the extent they limit the commerce(KUSSE, 1984).[1] Under the US Antitrust Case Law and also by many leading scholars, it is widely accepted that a company is free to refuse to deal with a competitor if this behavior is not an attempt to monopolize the market. This paper will mainly focus on this assumption in light of the present US Law. In particular, in general, the Colgate doctrine revelaed that a competitor has the right to refuse to deal with a rival and if a monopoly power firm is not intended to create monopolization, the Sherman Act does not restrict the monopolist to freely choose the person/rival to deal. [2] When considering the Colgate doctine as starting point, this essay will argue the well known Aspen Case, in order to examine to what extent monopolists have an affirmative duty to deal with a rival. The limits of this right were drawn later by other US Supreme Court decision by considering the essetial fac ilities doctrine. Aspen is one of these cases where the Supreme Court concluded that the competitors right to refuse to deal with a rival competitior is not unquantified however the Court did not adopted the essential facilities doctrine. Therefore this doctrine will not be the subject of this paper instead it will be referred slightly when necessary. The facts of the Aspen case will be analyzed below further however just to give an overview it is noteworthy to mention beforehand that the dispute arose between two ski resort companies namely; Aspen Skiin and Aspen Highlands, which for many years contributed to a joint marketing of a ticket to the skiers which gives access to eachothers mountains.[3] However Aspen Skiing discontinued its participation in this joint ticket program with Aspen Highlands. In Aspen Case, the Supreme Court concluded that since the defendant monopolist could not prove the justification to its refusal to cooperate to market a joint ski lift ticket that it formerly supplied to the Claimant was to obtain or at least was to cause monopoly violates Section 2 of the Sherman Act.[4] RELEVANT FACTS OF THE CASE Aspen Case between two ski resort companies in Aspen, Colorado in the USA i.e. Aspen Highlands (hereinafter Aspen Higlands) and Aspen Skiing Co. (hereinafter Aspen Skiing) is a United States Supreme Court case dated 1985 which has significance effect with regard to the abuse of dominant position. By the time of the dispute was first brought to the US Federal District Court, tehere were four ski resorts in Aspen Mountain; only one of them was owned by Aspen Higland and the rest of the resorts were owned by a single resort namely Aspen Skiing. The Parties had, for several years, to be more specific-until 1978- contributed into a joint marketing plan to sell a ski ticket called a 4-area All Aspen ticket which allowed the skiers to visit all of the Mountains without considering at which resort they stay and the revenues from these sales were shared between the parties in accordance with the coupons collected everyday. However, in 1978, Aspen Skiing abused its dominant position by it will not continue to sell its visitors the all-Aspen ticket if Aspen Highlands would not accept a fixed share of revenue which will in long term will hamper rival competition and therefore not considered as normal competition.[5] After long negotiations, Highlands accepted a fixed percentage which is a bit higher than what was offered by Aspen Skiing, which was leter further decreased by Aspen Skiing. [6] Because this offer was unaccapteble for Aspen Highland and therefore had not been accepted by Aspen Highlands, Aspen Skiing discountinued to sell the all-Aspen tickets. Notwithstanding Aspen Skiing started to act in a way where it stoped to offer any lift tickets to Aspen Highlands visitors to enable them to ski at the the Aspen Skiing Mountains as well. This attitude economicly harmed Aspen Highlands since it prevent Aspen Highlands from offering skiers visiting its resort any ticket for giving acces to all mountains (multi- area ticket). In spite of this Aspen Skiing was a ble to offer a 3-area, 6-day ticket which made it the only resort in the market that can give oppourtunity to visit more than one mountain during their visit and therefore the visitor who wants to ski on different mountains had to visit the Aspen Skiings resort. In addition to that, to promote this ticket, Aspen Skiing started an advertising campaign that influenced people who were unfamiliar with Aspen where it changed its picture of the four mountains in the Airport-Aspen Airways waiting room. The new sign referred to its three mountains only.[7] These actions of Aspen Skiing harmed Aspen Highlands so deeply that it became very hard to survive in the market as a result of which Aspen Highlands became a day ski area. Consequently, Aspen Highlands market share faced a steady downfall after it discountinued to sell the multiarea tickets.[8] Aspen Highlands revenues from associated skiing facilities and services declined sharply as well. Eventually in 1979, Aspen Highlands filed a case before the United States District Court alleging that Aspen Skiings unilateral refusal to continue selling a joint ticket launced by the competitors was to attempt to monopolize the market under Sherman Act- Section 2. In 1985, the case was taken to the Supreme Court, wherein the Supreme Court concluded that Aspen Skiings refusal to deal with a rival competitor was exclusionary since it made a change in the longlasting joint marketing program between the parties on some basis other than efficiency which can be defined as predatory.[9] The Supreme Court more specifically reasoned its decision based on the fact that refusal to deal violates antirust law only when it is to maintain a monopoly power and Aspen Skiing without any justified reason cut a longlasting cooperation with its rival.[10] Prior to Aspen Case, almost al of the US Supreme Court case have evaluated the refusal to deal concept within the framework of essential facilities doctrine under which a monopolist is to deal with a competitior if a monopolist has the control of a facility essential for its rival to compete and it has denied the use of this facility to a rival without a valid business reason. Aspen Case is therefore important that it did not adopt the essential facilities doctrine, which was being critizied by many leading scholars.[11] The reason of the criticism was that most of the courts interpreted the essential facilities doctrine and concluded that it gives a general duty to deal with a rival. This was negated by the Aspen case where the court concluded that Aspen Skiings refusal to deal with Aspen Highlands was exclusionary when considering the fact that Aspen Skiing could not be able to prove an efficiency justification for its refusal and further the Court did not evaluated whether or not the product (facility) was essential. In my opinion Aspen case has a great importance where the Supreme Court did not consider the essential facilities doctrine instead the justific ation for a monopolist resfusal to deal with a rival. ASPEN CASE- REFUSAL TO DEAL WHAT IS MONOPOLY POWER? In the event that one firm has the majority of the market share and that one firm can determine the conditions of the market as being in a dominant position, it is worth to note that this firm has monopoly power, which can in practice use this power to determine the conditions that can have a negative impact on the smaller competitors. The US Antitrust Law prohibits the monopolies unless they are are not as a result of a natural success or superior product of a firm (legitametely gained monopoly). In other words, it is fair to say that the general standard under Sherman Act is that the criter of harm the rival and competition will be considered exclusionary conduct by a monopolist, for which sanctions were foreseen by the Sherman Act. DOES A MONOPOLY POWER FIRM HAVE THE DUTY TO ENGAGE IN BUSINESS WITH A COMPETITOR? Section 2 prohibits any concerted and unilateral conducts that are to acquire monopolies. As emphasized by RIEVMAN, due to a lack of a clear definition of an unilateral and anticompetitive conduct in the Act itself, the courts usually define and formalize the elements for an anticompetitive behaviour on a case by case basis (RIEVMAN, 2012).[12] As briefly mentioned above in the Colgate case the court concluded that if a monopolist did not intent to maintain monopoly, its can freely decide whether to deal or with whom to deal. Mostly after the Colgate Case, US Supreme courts adopted the same apporac. Similarly, in Lorain Journal and Aspen Case, the Courts and besides leading scholars revealed that the there is a duty to aid a rival unless a monopolist did not have a valid reason for refusal.[13] Therefore, the entrepreneur has the right to exercise independent discretion in choosing the customers or class of customers with whom he will deal unless this right to choose the customer e xcludes competition.[14] In Aspen Case it was decided that the offense of monopolization has two element as similarly explained in United States v. Grinnell Corp. that is to say if a firm has a monopoly power in the market who uses this power to create monopoly power which is not an outcome of a superior product or business of this firm. These elements set out by the vested practice of the US Supreme Courts decision determines the boundaries of the monopolization which will be considered as a violation of law. In a sense, the refusal to cooperate with a rival can be anticompetitive only under the above mentioned circumstances which is more basically the intent of the monopolist. The Court of Appeal in the Aspen Case took the same approach. The Court of Appeal emphasized that a monopolists intent should be taken into account when determining whether the challenged conduct is fairly characterized as exclusionary, anticompetitive, or predatory.[15] Unless there is a valid reas on for a monopoly power firm to refuse to deal with a rival, it will not be considered as a violation of Sherman Act Section 2, which shall be evaluated by examining the the firmss intent. Aspen Skiing was not able to support its position that it had a valid business reason when discontinuing to sell a joint marketing product launced and developed by both of the Parties. Aspen Skiing became the only ski resort that could offer a multiare ski-ticket to its visitos. Aspen Highlands had a great interest in continuing to sell the all-Aspen tickets and Aspen Skiings insistence first on a fixed percentage of the market share of the revenues from these tickets and secondy cancelling a long-lasted practice between the Parties. Without being able to sell tickets to the other mountains, Aspen Highlands market sahere and revenues declined where at the same time Aspen Skiings shares increased sharply. Aspen Skiings refusal for a 4 area-mountain ticket also had adverse affect on the skiers as well. Appeal Courts decision was later affirmed by the Supreme Court where it rendered that Aspen Skiing had monopolized the market in Aspen. The Supreme Court clerarly stated no monopolist monopolizes unconscious of what he is doing by making reference to  Borks book where he stated that improper exclusion that are not a consequence of a superior business or products is always intended therefore the intend shall be investigated (BORK, 1978). In the actual case, the Supreme Court cocluded that Aspen Skiing did not only rejected to contiune a joint marketing program long lasting between in the Parties but is actually without a valid reason stopped the availability of a tiket that was preferred by the skiers.[16] Therefore paralel to the Supreme Courts decision one can argue that Aspen Skiings decision to terminate the all-Aspen wa to determine the conditions of the market and harm the other competitor in the market. Not only to the rival competitor, also consumers were also affected by Aspen Skiings unilateral decision. The Supreme Court concluded that where a firm with monopoly power attempts to create monopoly power by restraining the competition in the market with our efficiency concerns, it will be considered a violation of Section 2. If one should examine the consequences of Aspen Highlands refusal to deal. For whatwever the reason is the strong demand of the skiers for all-Aspen ticket formed over the years, which remained unreciprocaed. Aspen Skiing cancelled a product that allowed the skiers to be flexibale about the mountain to ski each day which was preferred by the the majotiy of the skiers. Besides the consumers, due to Aspen Skiings pattern of conduct on Highlands together with the additional actions taken by Aspen Skiing Aspen Highlands was prevented from marketing its own product to compete with Aspen Skiing and therefore survive in the market. The Court indicated that underlying norm of efficieny was not met as a result of which i t is not fair to say that there is a proper exclusion of the monopolist. Aspen Skiing refusal to deal with Aspen Highland was to enforce a power to exclude the competition in the relevant market and could not be explained by a any valid business reason. I belive that the Supreme Courts decision was right in this respect when considering the reason for termination of the multi area tickets by Aspen Skiing. The reason was that Aspen Skiing was not happy with the accuracy of the ticket monitoring system. However it was later revealed by thevidences before the Supreme Court that Aspen Skiing itself monitored the use of the 3-area passes based on the same system which it claimed to be unproper during the cancellation of the joint product.[17] Therefore this is enough to have a clear indication that Aspen Skiing was enjoying to exclude competition in the market by hamparing a smaller rival. [18] As emphasized by the Supreme Court if there was any valid reason for the refusal then Aspen Sk iing would not be considered to be violating Section 2. Because having a monopoly power alone is not a base for a violation instead the conduct itself is important. One should consider whether the conduct namly the refusal of the monopoist to deal is to handicap competitior and whether it benefits the consumers by this conduct, which is definitely not the case in the instant case.[19] When considering the above, parallel to the Supreme Courts decision, I am of the understanding that the monopolist made an effort to hinder the skiers (customers) to prefer the smaller rival for skiing services and it had no valid reason when doing so. Therefore the monopolist conduct in an anticompetitive or exclusionary way for instance by harming a rival to get higher profit in the market shall be illegal. In other words there are limits of a right of a competitors refusal to deal. These limits are vested in the rivals ability to find new customers and make higher profits. This will be conside red sucessful competition.[20] Therefore as emphasized in many US Supreme Court decision a monopolist right to refuse to deal with a rival competitor is not unqauntified.[21] It may give rise to a responsibility unless there is any valid reason to do so. In Lorain Journal Case it was concluded by the Supreme Court that a refusal to deal with a competitor can harm this smaller competitors right to select his customers and therefore make benefit in the market. In Lorain Journal case the publisher was considered to be in an attempt to monopolize the market by trying to destroy its small competitor which was a radio station when refusing to sell advertising to persons that patronized the radio station. Finally, in my opinion, In Aspen Case, Aspen Skiing refusal of continuing a joint marketing product with Aspen Highlands resulted in a wane of Aspen Highlands share in the relevant market. The Court is right in concluding that although there is no general duty to deal with a competi tior, monopolists refusal to sell a joint ticket program with its rival should be considered as illegal to the extent that this refusal has no valid reason and harms the small competitor(s). CONCLUSION A monopolist duty to deal is considered by case by case approach. As emphasized by many US Supreme Court cases, monopolisy duty to deal with the competitor depends wherher monpolist has a valid reason for that refusal. In Aspen Case, Aspen Skiings conduct was to maintain a monopoly without a valid business reason. When considering the essential nature of the All-Aspen Ticket featuring access to all four maountiains Aspen Skiings refusal to deal with Aspen Highlands, had limited its facilites to offer its visitors. In my opinion within the framework of the objectives of the competition and consumer welfare, if a monopolists refusal to deal harms the smaller competitor and also the consumer, which will be negatively effected by the refusal, this should be considered as violatio n of Sherman Act if there is no valid reason to refuse and one will be able to argue that a monopoly power firm then has a duty to cooperate with its rival. REFERENCES KUSSE, Kathryn A., Refusal to Deal as a Per Se Violation of the Sherman Act: Russel Stover Attacks the Colgate Doctrine, (1984) Retrieved from https://www.americanuniversitylawreview.org/pdfs/33/33-2/kusske.pdf RIEVMAN, David M., Boston College Law Review, Volume 28, Issue 2, Number 2, Article 7, 3-1-1987, The Grinnell Test of Monopolization Sounds a False Alarm: Aspen Skiing Co. v. Aspen Highlands Skiing Corp. (1987) KÃÆ'„SEBERG, Thorsten Intellectual Property, Antitrust and Cumulative Innovation in the EU and the US, p.187 (2012) KAPEN Alon Y., Duty to Cooperate Under Section 2 of the Sherman Act Aspen Skiings Slippery Slope, Cornell Law Review Volume 72 Issue 5 July 1987 Article 5 ELHLAUGE Einer, GERADIN Damien, Global Competition Law and Economics, 2011, p. 425 R. BORK, The Antitrust Pa radox (1978) CASE REFERENCES Aspen Skiing Co. v. Aspen Highlands Skiing Corp., 472 U.S. 585 (1985) United States v. ColgateCo., 250 U.S. 300 (1919) Lorain Journal v. United States, 342 U.S. 143, 154 (1951) United States v. Citizens Southern National Bank 422 US 86 1 [1] KUSSE, p. 463 (1984) [2] Colgate, 250 U.S. at 307 [3] Parties had a interchangable ticket program which gives acces to all of the four mountains for the skiers visiting these resorts. [4] Aspen, 472 U.S. 585, at 610-11 [5] Id. at 591; ELHAUGE/GERADIN, p. 415 [6] Id. at 593 [7] Id. at 593 [8] Id. at 590 [9] BORK, p. 344 [10] Id. at 603 [11] ELHAUGE/GERADIN, 447. 415 [12] RIEVMAN (2012), p.415 [13]Lorain Journal v. United States; Verizon vs. Trinko, ifra 524 [14] JONES/ SUFRIN, p.524 [15] Id. at 602-04 [16] Id at 603 [17] Id at 608-10. [18] Id at 608-10. [19] Id at 597 [20] United States v. Citizens Southern National Bank 422 US 86 [21] Id. at 602